Effetti pleiotropici della metformina: hanno rilevanza clinica?

Sixty years after its introduction in the therapeutic arsenal of type 2 diabetes, metformin remains the first-line treatment of type 2 diabetes according to national and international guidelines. Numerous observational studies have suggested that metformin may exert beneficial therapeutic effects on diabetes – and nondiabetes – related comorbidities, including cardiovascular, hepatic, neoplastic, and infectious diseases. However, direct evidence of the pleiotropic effects of metformin from specific randomized controlled trials is still lacking.